For any professional or research questions or requests, please contact me via email: johannes.emmerling@eiee.org

Profiles:

Work in progress / Working papers:

van der Ploeg, Frederick, Johannes Emmerling, and Ben Groom (2022): The Social Cost of Carbon with Intragenerational Inequality under Economic Uncertainty, CESifo Working Paper No. 9777, Munich, May 2022. link.

Gilli, Martino, Johannes Emmerling, Matteo Calcaterra, and Francesco Granella (2023): Climate Change Impacts on the Within-Country Income Distributions, SSRN Working Paper link.

Articles:

Bastien-Olvera, B. A., Conte M. N., Dong X., Briceno T., Batker D., Emmerling J., Tavoni M., Granella F., and F. C. Moore (2024): Unequal Climate Impacts on Global Values of Natural Capital, Nature, December 18, 2023, 1–6. 10.1038/s41586-023-06769-z

Andreoni P., Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2023): Inequality Repercussions of Financing Negative Emissions, Nature Climate Change, November 30, 2023. s41558-023-01870-7

Emmerling, J., Andreoni P., and M. Tavoni (2024): Global Inequality Consequences of Climate Policies When Accounting for Avoided Climate Impacts, Cell Reports Sustainability 1 (online first: November 29, 2023). 10.1016/j.crsus.2023.100008

Dekker M., Daioglou V., Pietzcker R., Rodrigues R., de Boer H., Dalla Longa F., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Fat-tahi A., Fotiou T., Fragkos P., Fricko O., Gusheva E., Harmsen M., Huppmann D., Kannavou M., Krey V., Lombardi F., Luderer G., Pfenninger S., Tsiropoulos I., Zakeri B., van der Zwaan B., Usher W., and D. van Vuuren (2023): Identifying Energy Model Fingerprints in Mitigation Scenarios, Nature Energy, November 6, 2023, 1–10. 0.1038/s41560-023-01399-1

Bistline J., Onda C., Browning M., Emmerling J., Iyer G., Mahajan M., McFarland J., McJeon H., Orvis R., Ralston Fonseca F., Roney C., Sandoval N., Sarmiento L., Weyant J., Woollacott J., and M. Yuanet (2023): Equity Implications of Net-Zero Emissions: A Multi-Model Analysis of Energy Expenditures Across Income Classes Under Economy-Wide Deep Decarbonization Policies, Energy and Climate Change, October 14, 2023, 100118. 10.1016/j.egycc.2023.100118

Dasgupta S., Emmerling J., and S. Shayegh (2023): Inequality and growth impacts from climate change - insights from South Africa, Environmental Research Letters, 2023. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad0448

Pezzoli P., Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2023): SRM on the Table: The Role of Geoengineering for the Stability and Effectiveness of Climate Coalitions, Climatic Change, 176(10) (October 5, 2023): 141. 10.1007/s10584-023-03604-2

Van der Wijst K., Bosello F., Dasgupta S., Drouet L., Emmerling K., Hof A., Leimbach M., Parrago R., Piontek F., and Standardi G. (2023): New Damage Curves and Multimodel Analysis Suggest Lower Optimal Temperature, Nature Climate Change March 23, 2023. 10.1038/s41558-023-01636-1

Colelli F., Emmerling J., Marangoni G., Mistry M., and E. De Cian (2022): Increased Energy Use for Adaptation Significantly Impacts Mitigation Pathways, Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (August 24, 2022): 4964. 10.1038/s41467-022-32471-1

Emmerling J., De Cian E., and M. Malpede (2022): Energy Intensity Convergence and Its Long-Run Minimum, Politica Economica, online first. 10.1429/104375

Shayegh S., Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2022): International Migration Projections across skill levels in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, Sustainability 14, no. 8 (January 2022): 4757. 10.3390/su14084757

Drouet L., Bosetti V., Padoan S.A., Aleluia Reis L., Bertram C., Dalla Longa F., Despres J., Emmerling J., Fosse F., Fragkiadakis K., Frank S., Fricko O., Fujimori S., Harmsen M., Krey V., Oshiro K., Nogueira L., Paroussos L., Piontek F., Riahi K., Rochedo P., Schaeffer R., Takakura J., van der Wijst K., van der Zwaan B., van Vuuren D., Vrontisi Z., Weitzel M., Zakeri B., and M. Tavoni (2021): Net Zero-Emission Pathways Reduce the Physical and Economic Risks of Climate Change, Nature Climate Change, 29 November 2021, 1-7. 10.1038/s41558-021-01218-z

Hasegawa, T., Fujimori S., Frank S., Humpenöder F., Bertram C., Despres J., Drouet L., Emmerling J., et al. (2021): Land-Based Implications of Early Climate Actions without Global Net-Negative Emissions, Nature Sustainability, 7 October 2021, 1-8. 10.1038/s41893-021-00772-w

Pai, S., Emmerling J., Drouet L., Zerriffi H., and J. Jewell (2021): Meeting Well-below 2C Target Would Increase Energy Sector Jobs Globally, One Earth, 4, no. 7 (23 July 2021): 1026-36. 10.1016/j.oneear.2021.06.005

Bertram, C., Riahi K., et al. (2021): Energy System Developments and Investments in the Decisive Decade for the Paris Agreement Goals, Environmental Research Letters, 16, no. 7 (June 2021): 074020. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac09ae

Piontek F., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Kompas T., Mejean A., Otto C., Rising J., Soergel B., Taconet N., and M. Tavoni (2021): Integrated Perspective on Translating Biophysical to Economic Impacts of Climate Change, Nature Climate Change, 17 June 2021. 10.1038/s41558-021-01065-y

Gazzotti P., Emmerling J., Marangoni G., Castelletti A., van der Wijst K., Hof A., and M. Tavoni (2021): Persistent Inequality in Economically Optimal Climate Policies, Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (8 June 2021): 3421. 10.1038/s41467-021-23613-y

Harmsen M., Kriegler E., et al. (2021): Integrated Assessment Model Diagnostics: Key Indicators and Model Evolution, Environmental Research Letters, April 2021. 10.1088/1748-9326/abf964

Emmerling J., Navarro P., and M. R. Sisco (2021): Subjective Well-Being at the Macro Level - Empirics and Future Scenarios, Social Indicators Research, 157, 899-928. 10.1007/s11205-021-02670-2

Emmerling, J. and M. Tavoni (2021): Representing Inequalities in Integrated Assessment Modeling of Climate Change, One Earth, 4, no. 2 (19 February 2021): 177-80, 10.1016/j.oneear.2021.01.013

Keppo, I., Butnar I., Bauer N., Caspani M., Edelenbosch O., Emmerling J., Fragkos P., Guivarch C., Harmsen M., Lefevre L., Le Gallic T., Leimbach M., McDowall W., Mercure J.-F., Schaeffer R., Trutnevyte E., and F. Wagner (2021): Exploring the Possibility Space: Taking Stock of the Diverse Capabilities and Gaps in Integrated Assessment Models, Environmental Research Letters, 2021, 10.1088/1748-9326/abe5d8

Fofrich, R.A., Tong D., Calvin K.V., de Boer H.S., Emmerling J., Fricko O., Fujimori S., Luderer G., Rogelj J., and S.J. Davis (2020): Early Retirement of Power Plants in Climate Mitigation Scenarios, Environmental Research Letters, 2020, 10.1088/1748-9326/ab96d3

Berger L. and J. Emmerling (2020): Welfare as Equity Equivalents, Journal of Economic Surveys, online first, 1-26, 10.1111/joes.12368 (Working Paper version: www.feem.it/getpage.aspx?id=9013)

Malik A., Bertram C., Despres J., Emmerling J., Fujimori S., Garg A., Kriegler E., Luderer G., Mathur R., Roelfsema M., Shekhar S., Vishwanathan S., and Z. Vrontisi (2020): Reducing Stranded Assets through early action in the Indian power sector, Environmental Research Letters. Online first, 10.1088/1748-9326/ab8033

Roelfsema M., van Soest H.L., Harmsen M., van Vuuren D.P., Bertram C., den Elzen M., Höhne N., Iacobuta G., Krey V., Kriegler E., Luderer G., Riahi K., Ueckerdt F., Després J., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Frank S., Fricko O., Gidden M., Humpenöder F., Huppmann D., Fujimori S., Fragkiadakis K., Gi K., Keramidas K., Köberle A.C., Reis L.A., Rochedo P., Schaeffer R., Oshiro K., Vrontisi Z., Chen W., Iyer G.C., Edmonds J., Kannavou M., Jiang K., Mathur R., Safonov G., and S.S. Vishwanathan (2020): Taking Stock of National Climate Policies to Evaluate Implementation of the Paris Agreement, Nature Communications, 11, no. 1 (29 April 2020): 1-12. 10.1038/s41467-020-15414-6

Antonelli C., Coromaldi M., Dasgupta S., Emmerling J., and S. Shayegh (2020): Climate Impacts on Nutrition and Labor Supply Disentangled — an Analysis for Rural Areas of Uganda, Environment and Development Economics, 1-26. 10.1017/S1355770X20000017

Jewell, J., Emmerling J., Vinichenko V., Bertram C., Berger L., Daly H.E., Keppo I., Krey V., Gernaat D., Fragkiadakis K., McCollum D., Paroussas L., Riahi K., Tavoni M., and D. van Vuuren (2020): Reply to: Why Fossil Fuel Producer Subsidies Matter, Nature (Matters Arising), 578, no. 7793 (February 2020): E5-7. 10.1038/s41586-019-1921-9

Emmerling, J., Kornek U., Bosetti V., and K. Lessmann (2020): Climate Thresholds and Heterogeneous Regions: Implications for Coalition Formation, The Review of International Organizations, January 16, 2020. 10.1007/s11558-019-09370-0

Emmerling J., Drouet L., van der Wijst K., Van Vuuren D., Bosetti V., and M. Tavoni (2019): The role of the discount rate for emission pathways and negative emissionsEnvironmental Research Letters, 14 (August 20, 2019): 1–11. 10.1088/1748-9326/ab3cc9

Fujimori, S., Hasegawa T., Krey V., Riahi K., Bertram C., Bodirsky B.L., Bosetti V., Callen J., Després J., Doelman J., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Frank S., Fricko O., Havlik P., Humpenöder F., Koopman J., van Meijl H., Ochi Y., Popp A., Schmitz A., Takahashi K., and D. van Vuuren (2019): A Multi-Model Assessment of Food Security Implications of Climate Change MitigationNature Sustainability, February 14, 2019. 10.1038/s41893-019-0286-2

van den Berg N.J., van Soest H.L., Hof A.F., den Elzen M.G.J., van Vuuren D.P., Chen W., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Fujimori S., Höhne N., Köberle A.C., McCollum D., Schaeffer R., Shekhar S., Vishwanathan S. S., Vrontisi Z., and K. Blok (2019): Implications of Various Effort-Sharing Approaches for National Carbon Budgets and Emission PathwaysClimatic Change, Vol. 2, No. 5 (May 13, 2019), 386-396. 10.1007/s10584-019-02368-y

Anthoff D. and J. Emmerling (2019): Inequality and the Social Cost of CarbonJournal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, Vol. 6, No. 2 (March 2019), 29-59. 10.1086/701900

Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2018): Exploration of the Interactions between Mitigation and Solar Radiation Management in Cooperative and Non-Cooperative International Governance SettingsGlobal Environmental Change, Vol. 53 (November 1, 2018), 244–51. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.10.006

Reis, L.A., Drouet L., van Dingenen R., and J. Emmerling (2018): Future Global Air Quality Indices under Different Socioeconomic and Climate AssumptionsSustainability, 10, 3645. 10.3390/su10103645

Manoussi V., Xepapadeas A., and J. Emmerling (2018): Climate Engineering under Deep UncertaintyJournal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Vol. 94, September 2018, 207-224. 10.1016/j.jedc.2018.06.003

Emmerling J. (2018): Sharing of Climate Risks across World RegionsClimate Change Economics, Vol. 9, Issue 3, 1-19. 10.1142/S2010007818500070

McCollum D., Wilson C., Bevione M., Carrara S., Edelenbosch O.Y., Emmerling J., Guivarch C., Karkatsoulis P., Keppo I., Krey V., Lin Z., Ó Broin E., Paroussos L., Pettifor H., Ramea K., Riahi K., Sano F., Rodriguez B.S., and D. van Vuuren (2018): Interaction of consumer preferences and climate policies in the global transition to low-carbon vehicles, Nature Energy, Vol. 3, August 2018, 664-47310.1038/s41560-018-0195-z

Luderer G., Vrontisi Z., Bertram C., Edelenbosch O., Pietzcker R., Rogelj J., Sytze De Boer H., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Fricko O., Fujimori S., Havlík P., Iyer G., Kimon Keramidas, Alban Kitous, Pehl M., Krey V., Riahi K., Saveyn B., Tavoni M., van Vuuren D., and E. Kriegler (2018): Residual fossil CO2 emissions in 1.5–2 °C pathwaysNature Climate Change, Vol. 8, 626–633. 10.1038/s41558-018-0198-6

McCollum D., Zhou W., Bertram C., de Boer H.S., Bosetti V., Busch S., Despres J., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Fay M., Fricko O., Fujimori S., Gidden M., Harmsen M., Huppmann D., Iyer G., Krey V., Kriegler E., Nicolas C., Pachauri S., Parkinson S., Poblete-Cazenave M., Rafaj P., Rao N., Rozenberg J., Schmitz A., Schoepp W., van Vuuren D., and K. Riahi (2018): Energy investment needs for fulfilling the Paris Agreement and achieving the Sustainable Development GoalsNature Energy, Vol. 3, July 2018, 589-599. 10.1038/s41560-018-0179-z

Vinca A., Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2018): Bearing the Cost of Stored Carbon Leakage, Frontiers in Energy Research, Vol. 6, Art. 40, 1-11. 10.3389/fenrg.2018.00040

Rogelj J., Popp A., Calvin K., Luderer G., Emmerling J., Gernaat D., Fujimori S., Strefler J., Hasegawa T., Marangoni G., Krey V., Kriegler E., Riahi K., van Vuuren D., Doelman J., Drouet L., Edmonds J., Fricko O., Harmsen M., Havlík P., Humpenöder F., Stehfest E., and M. Tavoni (2018): Scenarios towards limiting global-mean temperature increase below 1.5°CNature Climate Change, Vol. 8(3), March 2018, 325-332. 10.1038/s41558-018-0091-3

Jewell J., McCollum D., Emmerling J., Bertram C., Gernaat D., Krey V., Paroussos L., Berger L., Fragkiadakis K., Keppo I., Failali N., Tavoni M., van Vuuren D., Vinichenko V., and K. Riahi (2018): Limited climate benefits from fuel subsidy removal except in energy exporting regionsNature, 554, No. 7691 (February 2018), 229-233. 10.1038/nature25467

Emmerling J. (2018): Discounting and intragenerational equityEnvironment and Development Economics, Vol. 23, Issue 1 (February 2018), 19-36. 10.1017/S1355770X17000365

Emmerling J. and M. Tavoni (2018): Climate Engineering and Abatement: A ‘flat’ Relationship Under UncertaintyEnvironmental and Resource Economics, Vol. 69, No. 2 (February 2018), 395-415. 10.1007/s10640-016-0104-5

Emmerling J., Groom B., and T. Wettingfeld (2017): Discounting and the representative median agentEconomics Letters, Vol. 161, December 2017, 78-81. 10.1016/j.econlet.2017.09.031

Emmerling J. and S. Qari (2017): Car ownership and hedonic adaptationJournal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 61, August 2017, 29-38. 10.1016/j.joep.2017.02.014

Edelenbosch O., van Vuuren D., Bertram C., Carrara S., Emmerling J., Daly H., Kitous, A. McCollum, D., and N. Saadi Failali (2017): Transport fuel demand responses to fuel price and income projections: Comparison of integrated assessment modelsTransportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 55, August 2017, 310-321. 10.1016/j.trd.2017.03.005

van Vuuren D., Riahi K., Calvin K., Dellink R., Emmerling J., Fujimori, S., KC S., Kriegler E., and B. O’Neill (2017): The Shared Socio-economic Pathways: Trajectories for human development and global environmental changeGlobal Environmental Change, Vol. 42, January 2017, 148-152. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.10.009

Riahi K., van Vuuren D., Kriegler E., Edmonds J., O’Neill B., Fujimori S., Bauer N., Calvin K., Dellink R., Fricko O., Lutz W., Popp A., Crespo Cuaresma J., KC S., Leimbach M., Jiang L., Kram T., Rao S., Emmerling J., Ebi K., Hasegawa T., Havlik P., Humpenöder F., Aleluia Da Silva L., Smith S., Stehfest E., Bosetti V., Eom J., Gernaat D., Masui T., Rogelj J., Strefler S., Drouet L., Krey V., Luderer G., Harmsen M., Takahashi K., Baumstark L., Doelman J., Kainuma M., Klimont Z., Marangoni G., Lotze-Campen H., Obersteiner M., Tabeau A., and M. Tavoni (2017), The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their Energy, Land Use, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Implications: An OverviewGlobal Environmental Change, Vol. 42, January 2017, 153-168. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.009

Bauer N., Calvin K., Emmerling J., Fricko O., Fujimori S., Hilaire J., Eom J., Krey V., Kriegler E., Mouratiadou I., Sytze de Boer H., van den Berg M., Carrara S., Daioglou V., Drouet L., Edmonds J., Gernaat D., Havlik P., Johnson N., Klein D., Kyle P., Marangoni G., Masui T., Pietzcker R., Strubegger M., Wise M., Riahi K., van Vuuren D. (2017): Shared Socio‐Economic Pathways of the Energy Sector – Quantifying the NarrativesGlobal Environmental Change, Vol. 42, January 2017, 316-330. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.07.006

Kriegler E., Bauer B., Popp A., Humpenöder F., Leimbach M., Strefler J., Baumstark L., Bodirsky B.-L., Hilaire J., Klein D., Mouratiadou I., Weindl I., Bertram C., Dietrich J.-P., Luderer G., Pehl M., Pietzcker R., Piontek F., Lotze-Campen H., Biewald A., Bonsch M., Giannousakis A., Kreidenweis U., Müller C., Rolinski S., Schultes A., Schwanitz J., Stevanovic M., Calvin K., Emmerling J., Fujimori S., and O. Edenhofer (2017): Fossil-fueled development (SSP5): an energy and resource intensive scenario for the 21st centuryGlobal Environmental Change, Vol. 42, January 2017, 297-315. 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.015

Berger L., Emmerling J., and M. Tavoni (2017): Managing Catastrophic Climate Risks Under Model Uncertainty AversionManagement Science, Vol. 63, No. 3, 749-765. 10.1287/mnsc.2015.2365

Drouet L. and J. Emmerling (2016): Climate policy under socio-economic scenario uncertaintyEnvironmental Modelling & Software, Vol. 79, May 2016, 334-342. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.02.010

Lessmann, K., Kornek U., Bosetti V., Dellink R., Emmerling J., Eyckmans J., Nagashima M., Weikard H.-P., and Z. Yang (2015): The Stability and Effectiveness of Climate Coalitions: A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Integrated Assessment ModelsEnvironmental and Resource Economics, Vol. 62, No. 4, 811–36. 10.1007/s10640-015-9886-0

Other publications:

Anthoff D., Dennig F., and J. Emmerling (2021): On Differentiated Carbon Prices and Discount Rates, CESifo Working Paper no. 9243. Munich: August 2021. https://www.cesifo.org/DocDL/cesifo1_wp9243.pdf

Emmerling, J., Furceri D., Libano Monteiro F., Loungani P., Ostry J.D., Pizzuto P., and M. Tavoni. (2021): Will the Economic Impact of COVID-19 Persist? Prognosis from 21st Century Pandemics, IMF Working Papers. Washington, D.C: IMF, 20 April 2021. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2021/04/30/Will-the-Economic-Impact-of-COVID-19-Persist-Prognosis-from-21st-Century-Pandemics-50288

Tavoni M., Bosetti V., Shayegh S., Drouet L., Emmerling J., Fuss S., Goeschl T., Guivarch C., Lontzek T., Manoussi V., Moreno-Cruz J., Muri H., Quaas M., and W. Rickels (2017): Challenges and opportunities for integrated modeling of climate engineering, FEEM Nota di lavoro 038.2017, link

Dennig F. and J. Emmerling (2017): A Note on Optima With Negishi Weights, CFI Working Paper. Princeton University, April 9, 2017. http://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/cfi/files/dennigemmerling.pdf

Reis L.A., Emmerling J., Tavoni M., and D. Raitzer (2016): The Economics of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Developing Asia, ADB Economics Working Paper Series No. 504, December 2016, Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong City, Philippines. www.adb.org/publications/economics-greenhouse-gas-mitigation-developing-asia

Book Climate Justice and Geoengineering Emmerling J. and M. Tavoni (2016): Geoengineering and Climate Change Mitigation: Trade-offs and Synergies as Foreseen by Integrated Assessment Models, in: “Climate Justice and Geoengineering” (edited by Christopher J. Preston), Rowman and Littlefield International (RLI), London, September 2016, www.rowmaninternational.com/books/climate-justice-and-geoengineering, ISBN: 978-1-78348-636-6

Emmerling J., Drouet L., Aleluia Reis L., Bevione M., Berger L., Bosetti V., Carrara S., De Cian E., De Maere D'Aertrycke G., Longden T., Malpede M., Marangoni G., Sferra F., Tavoni M., Witajewski-Baltvilks J., Havlik P. (2016): The WITCH 2016 Model - Documentation and Implementation of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, FEEM Nota di Lavoro 42.2016. Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, 2016. http://www.feem.it/getpage.aspx?id=8521

Emmerling J. (2015): What keeps you from acting rationally?, blog article on COBHAM, www.cobham-erc.eu/acting-rationally, September 2015.

Emmerling J. (2015): Uncertainty and Natural Resources - Prudence facing Doomsday, 2015, FEEM Nota di Lavoro 049.2015, http://www.feem.it/getpage.aspx?id=7503

Emmerling J. (2015): Climate Policy Negotiations – Insights from Game Theory, in: CTN - From theory to application, 8, September 2015, available at: www.coalitiontheory.net/content/climate-policy-negotiations-%E2%80%93-insights-game-theory

Emmerling J. and M. Tavoni (2013): Is Geoengineering a Viable Option for Dealing with Climate Change?, April 17, 2013, Review of Environment, Energy and Economics (link) and VoxEU.org

Emmerling J. (2012): Targeting cash transfers in Mali – A proxy means test approach, The World Bank, 2012, Washington, D.C., www.researchgate.net/publication/326368912

Emmerling, J. (2011): Essays in Environmental Economics and the Role of Risk, Inequality, and Time, Ph.D. thesis, Toulouse School of Economics. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10042

Country reports on Albania and FYR Macedonia (with P. Sanfey), in: Transition Report 2007: People in transition, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 2007, pp.94-97 & 130-133, link

DIE Study No. 26 Chahoud T., Emmerling J., Kolb D., Kubina I., Repinski G., and C. Schlaeger (2007): Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility in India – Assessing the Global Compact’s Role, DIE Study No. 26, Bonn, ISBN: 978-3-88985-336-3. www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/Studies_26.pdf

Emmerling J. (2006): Metrology for the Natural Gas Sector – Triangular approaches for Latin America, Washington D.C., link

Emmerling J. (2005): The natural resource curse – an economic policy and political economic analysis, Free University Berlin, Master’s Thesis (in German), link

Emmerling J. (2004): Political Determinants of Currency Crises – Evidence from four Countries, DIW, Berlin, link

Emmerling J. (2003): Die Auswirkungen der Dollarisierung auf den produktiven Sektor, ILDIS Report, Quito, link1/link2